各位同學(xué)在刷題的過(guò)程中,一定遇到過(guò)這樣的題目:選項(xiàng)看起來(lái)說(shuō)的都對(duì),但選了必錯(cuò)。
大家也是苦“選擇題刺客”久矣,今天我們來(lái)幫大家梳理一下此類套路。
在托福閱讀中,句子簡(jiǎn)化題會(huì)中招的概率尤其大,錯(cuò)該類題型的同學(xué)在底層邏輯上犯的錯(cuò)誤是忽略了“重點(diǎn)”。
該類題目的要求為Which of the sentences below bestexpresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
其中,“l(fā)eave out essential information”就代表了一些“廢話連篇”選項(xiàng)。
什么是“廢話連篇”選項(xiàng)?就是看似正確、實(shí)際上沒(méi)講到重點(diǎn)信息的迷惑選項(xiàng)。
很多時(shí)候,大家看到選項(xiàng)中包含和正文差不多的內(nèi)容,或是近義詞,很大概率不會(huì)仔細(xì)閱讀分析長(zhǎng)難句,就直接選了。
在一般的英語(yǔ)考試中,這種方法是比較好用也比較省時(shí)的。
然而,在托??荚囍?,這種方法可能并不奏效,甚至可能導(dǎo)致考生“聰明反被聰明誤”,掉進(jìn)出題人的陷阱。
以下題為例:
One explanation for green icebergs attributes their color to an optical illusion when blue ice is illuminated by a near-horizon red Sun, but green icebergs stand out among white and blue icebergs under a great variety of light conditions.
Q:
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?
A、One explanation notes that green icebergs stand out among other icebergs under a great variety of light conditions, but this is attributed to an optical illusion.
B、One explanation for the color of green icebergs attributes their color to an optical illusion that occurs when the light from a near-horizon red Sun shines on a blue iceberg.
C、One explanation for green icebergs attributes their color to a great variety of light conditions, but green icebergs stand out best among other icebergs when illuminated by a near-horizon red Sun.
D、One explanation attributes the color of green icebergs to an optical illusion under special light conditions, but green icebergs appear distinct from other icebergs under a great variety of light conditions.
怎么樣,這道題大家都做對(duì)了嗎?
這類題型的解題思路主要圍繞兩部分:邏輯+主干排除,下面我們結(jié)合這兩點(diǎn)來(lái)梳理下答題思路:
B選項(xiàng)無(wú)論是在邏輯上還是主干表意方面都與原文一致,但由于缺少原句中轉(zhuǎn)折詞but后的內(nèi)容,只強(qiáng)調(diào)了次要部分,即我們所說(shuō)的“廢話連篇”選項(xiàng),導(dǎo)致該選項(xiàng)不符合題目要求,故可直接排除。
AC兩選項(xiàng)雖包含but轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯,但轉(zhuǎn)折后的主干表意與原文不一致:
A轉(zhuǎn)折后的因果邏輯(is attributed to)和原文不符;C轉(zhuǎn)折后的比較邏輯(best)和原文不符。
故該題選D。
回顧一下上面整個(gè)梳理套路的過(guò)程,我們強(qiáng)調(diào)了答題的重中之重:邏輯對(duì)應(yīng)。
在檢查選項(xiàng)時(shí)大家一定要記得抓重點(diǎn),不能只看選項(xiàng)和文章相似度有多高,而是要仔細(xì)分析選項(xiàng)的含義,通過(guò)主要邏輯排除干擾項(xiàng),避免被“背刺”哦。
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Copyright ?2023上海瀾大教育信息咨詢有限公司. All Rights Reserved 滬ICP備10035962號(hào)-1 滬公網(wǎng)安備31010102007782